Category: IT Network

Welcome to the IT Network category, your go-to hub for learning networking essentials and advanced techniques. Whether you’re a beginner, student, or professional, this section offers valuable insights into networking concepts, equipment, security, and troubleshooting. Start with network basics like IP addressing, subnets, and the OSI model, building a strong foundation for further learning. Explore networking equipment with guides on routers, switches, and firewalls, and learn how to configure devices for both home and business use. Dive into network security, understanding firewalls, VPNs, and threat protection best practices. For those seeking more advanced knowledge, we cover VLANs, dynamic routing, load balancing, and cloud networking. Master troubleshooting and optimization techniques to resolve issues and improve network performance. Regularly updated with tutorials and news, this category provides everything you need to enhance your networking skills, whether for certifications or real-world applications.

  • What is PRTG Network Monitor

    What is PRTG Network Monitor

    PRTG Network Monitor is a powerful tool developed by Paessler. It enables IT administrators and network professionals to monitor their network’s health and performance closely. PRTG is designed to monitor a wide range of network devices. These devices range from routers and servers to applications and cloud-based services. PRTG provides real-time insights and is often the answer when someone asks, “What is PRTG Network Monitor?”

    These insights can help prevent downtime, optimize bandwidth usage, and troubleshoot issues quickly. With customizable dashboards and automated alerts, PRTG simplifies complex network management. It is an ideal solution for anyone responsible for maintaining stable and efficient networks. It also helps in understanding what PRTG Network Monitor is capable of.

    What PRTG Network Monitor Does:

    PRTG Network Monitor uses sensors. These are individual monitoring elements that track specific aspects of network performance. They track CPU load, memory usage, and network traffic. These sensors work together to gather comprehensive data, allowing users to:

    • Monitor Network Uptime: Ensure critical devices and applications are online and performing as expected.
    • Track Bandwidth Usage: Identify bandwidth-heavy applications and users to optimize network resources.
    • Receive Instant Alerts: Get notified of network issues before they impact users, allowing for proactive problem-solving.
    • Analyze Historical Data: View trends and patterns over time to improve network planning and prevent future issues.
    What is PRTG Network Monitor

    With its user-friendly design and robust functionality, PRTG is a valuable asset for any network administrator or IT professional. To understand what makes PRTG Network Monitor so effective, think about how it streamlines the complexities of network monitoring. It offers peace of mind and reliable performance insights to anyone researching what is PRTG Network Monitor and its capabilities.

    To dive deeper into network monitoring, troubleshooting tips, and advanced setup guides, visit How To Kh. Our website offers numerous resources. These will help you master PRTG. They will expand your knowledge of network management tools. You will get a detailed look into PRTG Network Monitor’s functions. You can also learn best practices there. Learn here how to install and download Windows desktop guides.

    Other Network Monitoring Tools

    There are several compelling alternatives to PRTG Network Monitor, covering open-source, cloud-based, and enterprise-grade solutions—each offering unique strengths depending on your network size, budget, and technical needs:

    Open-Source & Free Options

    Zabbix

    A highly flexible, enterprise-grade open-source monitoring tool that covers networks, servers, virtual machines, and the cloud. Zabbix excels in automatic discovery, customizable alerts, rich dashboards, and scalability. It supports SNMP, IPMI, JMX, SSH, and more.

    Icinga

    Forked from Nagios, Icinga brings a modern web interface, REST API, plugin compatibility, and distributed monitoring. It’s powerful and highly customizable—great for users who want a tailored, scalable open-source solution.

    Nagios (Core/XI)

    Nagios Core is a classic open-source monitoring system. It has a strong plugin ecosystem at its foundation. Nagios XI offers extended features and a more polished interface. Ideal for those who value extensibility and active community support.

    Cacti

    Built on RRDtool, Cacti is web-based and focused on graphing time-series data like bandwidth and CPU loads. It supports SNMP polling, plugin extensions, role-based access, and template-driven configuration.

    Observium / LibreNMS

    Observium offers auto-discovery, intuitive interfaces, and usage tracking. The Community edition is free, with a paid Pro version for more features. LibreNMS, a GPL fork of Observium, offers more flexibility and extended functionality.

    Monitorix

    A lightweight, Perl-based tool for Linux and BSD that provides a built-in web server and CPU/network performance graphs using RRDtool. Great for small setups needing low-overhead, system-level monitoring.

    Cloud-Based & SaaS Platforms

    LogicMonitor

    Cloud-first, LogicMonitor offers auto-discovery, topology mapping, real-time monitoring, and AI-assisted insights. It’s well-suited for hybrid infrastructures, though it can be expensive.

    Datadog

    A modern SaaS platform providing full-stack visibility—covering infrastructure, applications, logs, and traces. It integrates with hundreds of services and excels at cloud-native and containerized environments.

    Dynatrace

    An AI-powered observability solution offering real-time monitoring across networks, applications, and user experiences. Davis AI engine helps with anomaly detection and root cause analysis. Better suited for complex environments.

    Auvik

    Auvik is built for MSPs and IT teams. It provides real-time network discovery and topology maps. It also offers NetFlow-based traffic analysis and configuration management. All these features come with intuitive ease of deployment.

    Site24x7

    This is a cloud-native, unified monitoring solution. It combines network, server, log, and application monitoring. It also features AI-driven anomaly detection and extensive device templates.

    NinjaOne

    Primarily an IT endpoint and endpoint management platform with strong built-in monitoring, patching, and remote management features. Offers high customer satisfaction but lacks transparent pricing.

    Enterprise & Windows-Centric Tools

    ManageEngine OpManager

    A strong all-round commercial tool available on both Windows and Linux. Offers auto-discovery, SNMP and WMI monitoring, dashboards, alerting, traffic analysis, and reporting—ideal for mid-to-large environments.

    SolarWinds ipMonitor & NPM

    • ipMonitor: Lightweight, easy-to-setup solution for basic up/down monitoring and alerting—no database or web server required.
    • Network Performance Monitor (NPM): A robust and feature-rich enterprise-grade platform with deep insights, network path analysis, and dependencies.

    Microsoft System Center Operations Manager

    Best for Azure-heavy or Microsoft ecosystem environments. Offers comprehensive IT monitoring, role-based access, and integration with other System Center modules. Requires substantial configuration and infrastructure.

    Quick Comparison Table

    [content-egg-block template=top_listing_show_more]

    ToolTypeStrengthsIdeal For
    Zabbix, Icinga, Nagios, Cacti, Observium, LibreNMS, MonitorixOpen‑sourceCustomizable, cost-effective, flexibleSkilled teams, budgets, tailored setups
    LogicMonitor, Datadog, Dynatrace, Auvik, Site24x7, NinjaOneCloud/SaaSAuto-discovery, dashboards, hybrid/cloud supportMSPs, large enterprises, modern infrastructures
    OpManager, SolarWinds, SCOMCommercial (On-prem)Extensive device coverage, strong alerting/reportingWindows-centric environments, enterprise scale
    Checkmk (community plus enterprise)Open-source/HybridGUI-based, strong automation, plugin ecosystemSimplified open-source deployments

    Conclusion:

    PRTG Network Monitor is a powerful and user-friendly tool for many IT environments. However, numerous alternatives may be better suited depending on your organization’s needs, budget, and infrastructure.

    • If you’re looking for open-source and cost-effective solutions with high flexibility, tools like Zabbix, Icinga, and LibreNMS are strong candidates.
    • For cloud-native or hybrid IT environments, platforms like Datadog, LogicMonitor, and Auvik offer scalable, modern monitoring with minimal setup.
    • For enterprise-grade, Windows-heavy infrastructures, ManageEngine OpManager, SolarWinds NPM, and SCOM provide deep integrations and advanced reporting.

    Ultimately, the best choice depends on your specific requirements such as:

    • On-premises vs. cloud deployment
    • Size and complexity of your network
    • Need for automation or advanced alerting
    • Available IT expertise and support

    By evaluating these factors, you can confidently choose a network monitoring tool. It should balance cost, features, and scalability. This ensures visibility, performance, and security across your IT environment.

  • How to install PRTG Network Monitoring on Windows

    How to install PRTG Network Monitoring on Windows

    PRTG Network Monitor is a comprehensive tool for IT professionals and enthusiasts. It provides real-time insights into network performance. You can also monitor uptime and traffic flow. If you’re wondering how to install PRTG Network Monitoring on Windows, the process is straightforward.

    How to Install PRTG on Windows Desktop

    This installation allows you to monitor your network’s health from a central hub. This guide offers detailed steps to set up PRTG on your Windows desktop. Following these steps, you can begin monitoring your network effectively.

    Step 1: Download PRTG Installer

    1. Open your preferred web browser and go to the official PRTG website: https://www.paessler.com/prtg.
    2. Click on the Download button, then select the trial version or free version based on your needs.
    3. Enter any required details (name, email, company information) and download the installer file. This step is a part of how you can install PRTG monitoring on Windows efficiently.

    Step 2: Run the Installer

    1. Locate the downloaded file, usually named something like PRTGSetup.exe.
    2. Double-click the file to begin installation. If Windows prompts you, click “Yes” to allow the app to make changes to your device. Follow the how-to process for installing the PRTG.
    How to download the PRTG Monitoring Tool

    Step 3: Accept the License Agreement

    1. In the PRTG setup window, read and accept the License Agreement by selecting the checkbox. As part of installing PRTG Network Monitoring on Windows, ensure all license details are understood.
    2. Click “Next” to continue.
    How to download the PRTG Monitoring Tool

    Step 4: Add Email Address

    1. Enter your Email address and next
    2. Click “Next” to proceed.
    How to install PRTG Network Monitoring on Windows
    How to install PRTG Network Monitoring on Windows

    Then click Install

    How to install PRTG Network Monitoring on Windows
    How to install PRTG Network Monitoring on Windows

    Step 5: Set Up PRTG Username and Password

    1. Choose a Username and Password for the PRTG web interface (you’ll need these to log in after installation).
    2. Confirm your selections and click “Next” to install the local server and probe. This completes the PRTG Network Monitoring installation process on Windows.
    How to install PRTG Network Monitoring on Windows

    Step 6: Complete Installation and Launch PRTG

    1. Once complete the installation, you’ll see the welcome alert below.
    2. The PRTG web interface should automatically open in your default browser with the PRTG Menu. This step marks the completion of installing PRTG Network Monitoring on Windows.
    How to install PRTG Network Monitoring on Windows

    Configure Initial Settings for the next step

    1. Log in using the Username and Password you set during installation.
    2. Follow the on-screen setup wizard to configure your network devices, add sensors, and set up alerts.

    With PRTG now installed on your Windows desktop, you’re ready to monitor your network’s performance in real time. This powerful tool will provide essential insights into your network’s traffic and health. It will help you troubleshoot issues and ensure optimal performance.

    For more detailed guides, troubleshooting tips, and network monitoring insights, frequently visit How To Kh for valuable resources. These will elevate your network management skills!

    Reason we install PRTG on Windows

    We install PRTG Network Monitor on Windows for several important reasons related to both the software’s design and its capabilities. Here’s a clear breakdown:

    1. Native Windows Application

    • PRTG is designed specifically for Windows OS.
    • It uses Windows services, event logging, and performance counters directly.
    • Windows provides the GUI and system-level integration PRTG depends on.

    2. Easy Setup and Management

    • Installation on Windows is straightforward: just run the installer—no need for command-line configuration.
    • The web-based GUI and the Enterprise Console are hosted easily using IIS or its own built-in web server.
    • Great for IT teams familiar with Windows Server environments.

    3. Compatibility with Microsoft Services

    • Windows makes it easier to monitor:
      • Active Directory
      • Exchange
      • SQL Server
      • Windows Services and Processes
    • PRTG can also use WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation), PerfMon, and PowerShell for deeper integration—these are native to Windows.

    4. Built-In Web Server and Database

    • PRTG includes its own built-in web server and database engine (no need for third-party DBs like MySQL or SQL Server).
    • This self-contained setup simplifies deployment and is optimized for Windows environments.

    5. Sensor Compatibility

    • Many PRTG sensors are built for Windows-based monitoring, including:
      • WMI sensors
      • Windows Event Log sensors
      • Remote PowerShell sensors
    • These function more reliably when the core PRTG server runs on Windows.

    6. Performance and Support

    • Paessler (the company behind PRTG) officially supports only Windows.
    • It runs optimally on Windows Server 2016, 2019, or 2022.
    • Running on Linux or other OSes would require virtualization or unsupported workarounds.

    7. Scalability and Multi-Site Monitoring

    • Windows’ robust networking stack allows reliable use of:
      • Remote probes
      • Distributed monitoring
      • Cluster failover
    • Easy integration with Active Directory for user access control.

    🚫 Why Not Linux or macOS?

    • No native PRTG server installer for Linux/macOS.
    • Workarounds like Wine or VMs are unreliable and unsupported.
    • Sensors using Windows APIs won’t work correctly on non-Windows OSes.

    🔧 Summary

    ReasonWhy It Matters
    Native to WindowsOptimized for Windows performance/features
    GUI and Web Server IntegrationEasy to manage and access remotely
    Microsoft Service MonitoringSeamless AD, Exchange, SQL integration
    Sensor CompatibilityWMI, Event Logs, PerfMon work natively
    Official SupportPaessler only supports Windows installations
  • How to download the PRTG Monitoring Tool

    How to download the PRTG Monitoring Tool

    PRTG simplifies network management by providing real-time data on device status, bandwidth usage, and overall network health. Whether you’re an IT professional, network administrator, or a student learning about network systems, these steps are straightforward. They will help you download and install PRTG if you’re wondering how to download the PRTG Monitoring Tool. You can then start monitoring your network efficiently.

    To download the PRTG (Paessler Router Traffic Grapher) Network Monitoring tool, follow these steps:

    1. Go to the Official PRTG Website

    2. Select the Download Option

    • Click on the Download button on the PRTG homepage.
    • This will take you to a page with various options for downloading PRTG.

    3. Choose Your Edition

    • PRTG offers a free trial version for 30 days with unlimited sensors. After the trial, it reverts to a free version with limited sensors.
    • If you need more sensors after the trial, you can purchase a license that fits your needs.
    How to download the PRTG Monitoring Tool

    4. Enter Your Details

    • Paessler may ask for your name, email address, and company details before downloading. Fill in the necessary information if any ask.

    5. Download and Install

    how to download prtg

    6. Configure PRTG

    PRTG offers a web-based interface. You can add sensors and set up dashboards, alerts, and reports. Use these tools to monitor your network’s real-time performance.

    This article has sparked your curiosity and inspired you to learn and explore even more. How To Kh is here to be your companion in discovering new places. It helps in enhancing your lifestyle and keeping you updated with world events. Check back daily for fresh content. You’ll find helpful tips and in-depth guides. They are tailored just for students and curious minds like yours. Happy learning and exploring!

    What is PRTG?

    PRTG, which stands for Paessler Router Traffic Grapher, is an all-in-one, unified monitoring software developed by Paessler AG. It is designed to monitor system conditions such as bandwidth usage, server performance, and network health. This occurs across an entire IT infrastructure.

    Key Benefits of PRTG Monitoring Tool

    1. Comprehensive “All-in-One” Monitoring

    PRTG isn’t just for one part of your IT stack. It can monitor almost anything you can think of:

    • Network Devices: Routers, switches, firewalls (e.g., Cisco, MikroTik, Juniper).
    • Servers: Physical, virtual (VMware, Hyper-V), and cloud (AWS, Azure, Google Cloud) servers.
    • Applications & Services: Web servers (HTTP/HTTPS), mail servers (SMTP, POP3), databases (SQL), and more.
    • Bandwidth & Traffic: SNMP monitoring to see which applications or users are consuming the most bandwidth.
    • Infrastructure: Uptime, performance, and health of critical IT assets.

    This eliminates the need for multiple specialized monitoring tools, consolidating everything into a single pane of glass.

    2. Ease of Use and Quick Deployment

    • Auto-Discovery: One of its biggest strengths. PRTG can automatically scan your network range. It discovers devices and adds them with pre-configured sensors (the elements that monitor specific metrics). This gets you up and running in minutes, not days.
    • Intuitive Web Interface: The dashboard is clean, visual, and user-friendly. You don’t need to be a scripting expert to configure alerts or view data.
    • Pre-Configured Templates: PRTG comes with hundreds of pre-configured device templates and sensors. This means you don’t have to build monitoring protocols from scratch.

    3. Powerful Alerting and Notification System

    You can’t watch the dashboard 24/7. PRTG ensures you know about problems immediately through highly customizable alerts:

    • Multiple Channels: Get notified via email, SMS, or push notifications to your phone. You can also trigger HTTP requests to integrate with other systems like Slack or Microsoft Teams.
    • Flexible Triggers: Set precise thresholds for alerts. For example, get a warning at 80% CPU usage and a critical alert at 95%.
    • Escalation Policies: Ensure critical alerts are never missed. If the first person doesn’t acknowledge the alert, it can automatically escalate to another team member.

    4. Strong Data Visualization and Reporting

    • Customizable Dashboards: Create maps and dashboards tailored for different teams (e.g., a NOC view, a management summary view).
    • Historical Data and Graphs: All data is stored in a historical database. This allows you to create clear graphs and trends. Analyze performance over time. Plan for capacity. Troubleshoot past incidents.
    • Scheduled Reports: Generate and automatically send detailed PDF reports on performance, uptime, and SLA compliance to management or clients. This is invaluable for proving value and meeting compliance requirements.

    5. Cost-Effective Licensing Model

    • Per-Node Licensing, Not Per-Feature: PRTG’s pricing is based on the number of sensors you need. A sensor monitors one specific aspect, like the CPU load of one server or the traffic on one port. This is often more predictable and affordable than solutions that charge per device or per host.
    • Free Version: PRTG offers a fully functional free version for up to 100 sensors. This is perfect for small businesses or for testing the software in your environment before committing.

    6. High Scalability

    PRTG can grow with your organization. It can monitor small office networks with a few devices. It is also capable of overseeing large enterprise environments with distributed locations. Remote probes are used to collect and forward data.

    7. Low Maintenance and Reliability

    • Self-Contained: The core software is installed on a Windows machine (or via a ready-to-use Linux-based virtual appliance), making setup straightforward.
    • Stable and Mature: PRTG has been developed and refined for over two decades. It is known for its reliability. The product also has a low overhead.

    Who is PRTG For?

    PRTG is an ideal solution for:

    • IT Administrators and Network Engineers in SMEs who need a powerful, all-in-one tool without extreme complexity.
    • Managed Service Providers (MSPs) who need to monitor multiple client networks.
    • Any business that needs deep visibility into its IT infrastructure to ensure uptime, performance, and security.

    Potential Considerations

    • Sensor-Based Licensing: For very large and complex environments, managing the sensor count requires careful planning. This helps stay within license tiers.
    • Windows-Centric: The main server runs on Windows. This might not fit every organization’s preference. However, the Linux VM appliance is a great alternative.

    Final Summary

    PRTG’s main benefit is it provides a powerful and unified solution. It is incredibly easy to use. The solution gives you deep visibility into your entire IT infrastructure. It replaces a stack of disparate tools. It reduces mean time to repair (MTTR) through instant alerts. It also helps with capacity planning through historical reporting. All of this comes at a predictable and often very competitive cost. Its free tier makes it one of the easiest enterprise-grade tools to try risk-free.

  • How to create notifications sent to Telegram group when Internet Mikrotik is down and up by use PRTG

    How to create notifications sent to Telegram group when Internet Mikrotik is down and up by use PRTG

    You can connect the PRTG Network Monitor to a Telegram bot. This setup creates notifications sent to a group. The notifications occur when Mikrotik devices go down or back up. PRTG will monitor your devices. When it detects a change in the device status, it will trigger notifications to the group via Telegram. This guide will show you how to create notifications sent to the Telegram group when devices are down and up.

    Here’s how you can set this up:

    Prerequisites

    1. PRTG Network Monitor is installed and configured to monitor your Mikrotik devices.
    2. A Telegram Bot was created (you can create one using BotFather on Telegram).
    3. The Telegram Group or Channel ID where you want to receive notifications.

    Step 1: Create a Telegram Bot

    1. Open Telegram and search for BotFather.
    2. Start a chat with BotFather and create a new bot by using the command /newbot. This is the first step. It involves creating notifications sent to the Telegram group. These notifications alert you when devices are down and up.
    3. Follow the prompts to give your bot a name and a username.
    4. After creating the bot, BotFather will give you a bot token (a string that looks like 123456789:ABCDEF1234ghIkl-zyx57W2v1u123ew11).

    Step 2: Get the Telegram Group ID

    1. Add the bot to the Telegram group where you want to send the notifications.
    2. Use this API call to get the Group ID:
    • Send a message to the group and retrieve the ID by visiting the URL below in your browser:
      https://api.telegram.org/bot/getUpdates. Gathering the proper Group ID is critical. This is essential for creating notifications sent to the Telegram group when devices are down and up.
    • Replace with the token from BotFather.
    • Look for "chat": {"id": -123456789} in the response. The number with a negative sign is your Group ID (e.g., -123456789).

    Step 3: Set Up Notifications in PRTG

    1. Log into your PRTG instance and go to Setup > Account Settings > Notification Templates.
    2. Click Add Notification Template to create a new template for your Telegram alerts.
    3. Name the template (e.g., Telegram Device Status Alert).
    4. Under Send HTTP Request settings:
    • URL: Use the Telegram Bot API with the following URL:
      https://api.telegram.org/bot/sendMessage
    • Replace with the token you kh from BotFather.
    • Request Type: Set this to POST.
    • Content-Type: Set this to application/x-www-form-urlencoded.
    • POST Data: Here’s where you set the data to be sent in each notification: chat_id=-123456789&text=Device %device with IP %deviceip is now %status
      • Replace -123456789 with your Group ID.
      • %device, %deviceip, and %status PRTG placeholders will dynamically display the device name, IP address, and current status (up or down).

    Step 4: Configure the Notification Triggers

    1. In PRTG, go to the device or sensor for your Mikrotik routers.
    2. Under Notification Triggers, set a new trigger for the State:
    • When the sensor state is: Down and up.
    • Latency: Optional, depending on how quickly you want the alert sent.
    • Notification Template: Select the Telegram template you created.
    1. This will ensure creating notifications for the Telegram group. They will be sent when devices are down. Notifications will also be sent when devices are up. No states will be missed.

    Step 5: Test the Setup

    1. Manually take down a device or simulate a failure to see if you receive a notification in your Telegram group.
    2. When the device returns online, PRTG should also send an “up” notification.

    With this setup, PRTG will notify your Telegram group whenever a monitored Mikrotik device goes down. It will also notify when the device comes back up. This effectively shows you how to create notifications sent to the Telegram group when devices are down and up.

    Why Recommend MikroTik CRS328‑24P‑4S+RM?

    For network enthusiasts and professionals, the MikroTik CRS328-24P-4S+RM offers unparalleled power and flexibility. It does this without the enterprise price tag. This isn’t just a switch. It’s a powerhouse that delivers 24 Gigabit PoE+ ports with a massive 600W budget. This allows it to effortlessly run everything from access points and phones to security cameras. Additionally, it has four 10G SFP+ ports for blisteringly fast backbone connections.

    What truly sets it apart is the robust RouterOS software. It gives you complete control to configure it as a simple switch. You can also adjust it to be a sophisticated router, a managed firewall, or all of the above simultaneously. Built into a sturdy 1U rackmount design, the CRS328 offers enterprise-grade features. Its deep customization options would cost thousands from other brands. This makes it the intelligent choice for anyone building a serious, scalable, and high-performance network.

    [content-egg-block template=offers_list]

    1. Rich Connectivity & Power Delivery

    • Full PoE+ support across all 24 ports, accommodating both 802.3af and 802.3at standards, with up to 450 mA per port. Total PoE budget: impressive 450 W (divided as 3×150 W per 8-port block).
    • Four 10 GbE SFP+ uplinks, enabling high-speed backbone connections—ideal for linking servers, NAS, or an uplink to your core router.

    2. Dual OS Flexibility

    • RouterOS or SwOS: choose a full routing layer with advanced features, or stick to a streamlined switching interface as needed.

    3. Cost-Effective Feature Set

    • Priced around $379–489, the CRS328 delivers features that would otherwise cost much more in enterprise-grade hardware.
    • 40 GbE PoE+ budget and 4× SFP+ uplinks are unique at this segment, making it a high-value proposition.

    4. Solid L2 Performance

    • Designed primarily as a Layer 2 switch. It delivers non-blocking throughput. This setup is ideal for flat networks or when using an external router for inter-VLAN routing.
    • Hardware offloading handles L2 switching efficiently; only enable L3 features if paired with a capable external router.

    Real-World Feedback & Considerations

    Power Consumption & Noise

    • Idle draw is substantial—around 40–44 W even with no attached devices—largely due to fans and internal components.
    • Users report fans run consistently, and noise can be noticeable depending on placement and ambient noise levels.

    Routing Capability Caveat

    • L3 features are limited. Enabling inter-VLAN routing or IP services can overload the modest CPU (1-core, 800 MHz). This may trigger instability.
    • Best used as a pure L2 switch or with external routing—not ideal as a standalone router.

    Long-Term Reliability & Support

    • Warranty is generally only 1 year (potentially 2 in EU) which may concern some users.
    • Overall stability is good when used as intended. Users praise its reliability in home labs and small business setups.

    Suggested Pitch for Prospective Buyers

    Looking for a powerful yet affordable PoE switch that supports 10 GbE uplinks? The MikroTik CRS328‑24P‑4S+RM is a rare combo:

    • 24 full PoE+ ports across all RJ‑45 interfaces
    • Four 10 GbE SFP+ uplinks for high-speed backbone performance
    • Dual-boot OS options (RouterOS for complexity or SwOS for simplicity)
    • Excellent Layer 2 throughput and functionality
    • Highly competitive pricing—under $500 for a feature-packed package

    Best for: small offices, labs, or CCTV setups that need PoE power and fast uplinks, with routing done elsewhere.

    Just beware: it’s not a router replacement. L3 features are limited and may destabilize it. Plus, it’s a bit thirsty and a touch noisy. But if you design around those trade-offs, it’s an outstanding value.

    TL;DR – Pros & Considerations Table

    ProsConsiderations
    24 PoE+ supportRequires external router for layer 3 tasks
    4× 10 GbE SFP+ uplinksIdle power ~40–44 W, fans run often
    Dual-boot flexibilityShort 1‑yr warranty
    Affordable price (< $500)CPU is not suited for intensive routing/ACLs
  • What is Cisco?

    What is Cisco?

    Cisco Systems, Inc. is a global leader in networking and cybersecurity solutions, founded in 1984 and headquartered in San Jose, California. Cisco initially focused on providing routers for local area networks (LANs). The company has now expanded its product portfolio to include a wide array of networking hardware, software, and services. These offerings range from enterprise-grade routers and switches to advanced security solutions, cloud services, and collaboration tools like Webex.

    Cisco is particularly well-known for its commitment to innovation and development, continuously shaping the future of networking and digital communication. As a prominent player in the IT industry, Cisco’s products are indispensable for network professionals. They are also crucial for students and organizations aiming to establish robust and secure network infrastructures.

    Why Cisco Matters
    Cisco’s influence extends far beyond its product offerings. It plays a crucial role in shaping networking standards. The company also impacts practices across the globe. The company is dedicated to advancing education and skills development. This is achieved through initiatives such as the Cisco Networking Academy. The academy provides training programs for individuals seeking to build careers in IT and networking.

    Cisco certifications are highly regarded in the industry. They include CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate) and CCNP (Cisco Certified Network Professional). They serve as benchmarks for networking knowledge and expertise.

    As a pioneer in the networking domain, Cisco remains at the forefront of technological advancements. Cisco continuously adapts to meet the evolving needs of businesses and consumers alike. Whether you are a student aspiring to enter the field of IT, Cisco provides numerous resources. If you are a seasoned professional aiming to expand your skills, Cisco can assist you. The company offers opportunities to support your journey.

    With a strong community and comprehensive training programs, Cisco empowers individuals and organizations to succeed in an increasingly connected world. Feel free to share your experiences, questions, or insights about Cisco in the comments below! Learn more

    Overall Summary CISCO DESIGNED Business PoE

    The Cisco CBS220-24P-4G is a well-rounded, “smart” managed PoE switch. It is designed for small to medium-sized businesses (SMBs) that need more control than an unmanaged switch offers. However, they don’t require the full complexity of an enterprise-grade device. It hits a sweet spot between power, features, and ease of use.

    Key Advantages (The Pros)

    1. Power over Ethernet (PoE): This is a major selling point.
      • 24 PoE Ports: You can power a large number of devices directly from the switch. These include VoIP phones, wireless access points, and security cameras. Wi-Fi 6/6E APs often need PoE+. You can even power some monitors.
      • 195W Total Budget: This is adequate for a typical SMB deployment. However, you must do some power planning. For example, if you have 24 devices each drawing the max for standard PoE (15.4W), you’d need ~370W. You must ensure your high-power devices, like PTZ cameras, don’t exceed the 195W limit. This also applies to certain APs that use PoE+.
    2. Ease of Use & Management:
      • Cisco Business Dashboard: This is a huge pro for multi-device setups. You can manage a network of these switches. It also includes other Cisco Business devices, from a single, simple cloud-based interface. This simplifies setup, monitoring, and firmware updates dramatically.
      • Mobile App & On-Box UI: Offers multiple ways to configure the switch. This feature makes it accessible for users with different skill levels.
    3. Security Features: It includes robust security for its class:
      • 802.1X: This is a enterprise-grade feature. It allows you to authenticate devices and users before granting them network access. This is crucial for securing networks with personal devices or guest access.
      • ACLs (Access Control Lists): Let you create rules to control traffic flow (e.g., block a specific device from accessing the accounting server).
      • DoS Protection: Helps keep the network running during a malicious attack.
    4. Design and Form Factor:
      • Compact and Elegant: It’s designed to be placed on a shelf or in an open area. It is not just locked in a hot, noisy wiring closet. This is perfect for retail stores, classrooms, or open-plan offices.
      • Fanless Operation (in this model): This is a critical feature. No moving parts means it is completely silent, which is essential for any environment where people are working.
    5. Reliability and Support:
      • Cisco Brand: You’re buying from a known leader in networking, which generally means build quality and reliability.
      • 3-Year Warranty: A strong warranty that provides peace of mind.

    Potential Limitations (The Cons)

    1. PoE Power Budget: As mentioned, 195W is on the lower side for a 24-port PoE switch. It’s a constraint you must design around. If you plan to run many power-hungry devices (e.g., 10+ PoE+ devices drawing 30W each), you will quickly run out of power. Calculate your power requirements carefully before buying.
    2. “Smart” vs. “Managed”: This is a “smart” switch. This means it has a web interface and good features, but it lacks some deeper capabilities of a fully managed switch (like Cisco’s Catalyst line), such as:
      • Advanced routing protocols (it has static routing only).
      • More granular traffic shaping and advanced SNMP features.
      • CLI (Command Line Interface) access is limited compared to enterprise models.
    3. The 1G SFP Uplinks: The four SFP ports are 1 Gigabit. This is fine for most SMB applications. However, modern higher-end switches are moving toward 10G SFP+ uplinks for faster aggregation and backbone connections. If you have a very fast internal network, you might face a bottleneck in the future. The same applies if you have a multi-gigabit internet connection.

    Who Is This Switch Ideal For?

    • Small to Medium Businesses: Offices, clinics, law firms that need reliable wired connectivity and PoE.
    • Schools & Classrooms: To power VoIP phones, APs, and teacher computers quietly.
    • Retail Stores: For point-of-sale systems, cameras, and Wi-Fi, with a clean look.
    • Light-to-Moderate PoE Deployments: A mix of IP phones, a handful of access points, and a few security cameras.

    Who Should Consider Something Else?

    • High-PoE Demand Environments: If you need to power more than ~6-8 high-power PoE+ devices, get a switch with a 370W+ power budget. Make sure the switch meets the power requirements. This includes devices like advanced PTZ cameras, thin clients, or extensive AP setups.
    • Large Enterprises: Networks that require advanced features need a fully managed Catalyst switch. Those requiring CLI-heavy management also benefit from it. Integration with complex network management systems would be better served by this type of switch.
    • Future-Proofing for 10G: Consider your need for 10G uplinks to your server or core switch. Think about this requirement within the device’s lifespan. Look for a model with SFP+ ports.

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    Product Overview:

    • SIMPLE: Intuitive on-box UI, mobile app and Cisco Business Dashboard simplifies network operations and automates lifecycle management
    • SECURITY: Integrated with IEEE 802.1X to control access to your network, Denial-of- Service (DoS) attack prevention increases network uptime during an attack, while Access Control Lists (ACLs) protect the network from unauthorized users
    • INNOVATIVE DESIGN: Elegant and compact design, ideal for installation outside of wiring closet such as retail stores, open plan offices, and classrooms
    • ENERGY EFFICIENT: Optimizes power usage to lower operational cost. Compliant with IEEE802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet. Fanless in select models
    • PEACE OF MIND: 3-year limited hardware warranty with return-to-factory replacement and one-year technical support

    Final Verdict

    The Cisco CBS220-24P-4G is an excellent choice for its target market. It excels in ease of management. It operates silently. It provides solid security. These strengths make it a standout in the SMB “smart switch” segment.

    Just be absolutely sure that the 195W PoE budget is sufficient for your current and planned devices. If it is, this switch is a highly recommended, reliable, and user-friendly solution.

  • What is Mikrotik?

    What is Mikrotik?

    Mikrotik is a renowned networking hardware and software company based in Latvia. It is known for its affordable yet powerful solutions. These are tailored for everything from small home setups to large enterprise networks. Mikrotik, which was founded in 1996, developed RouterOS, an advanced networking software. This software is designed to run on its proprietary hardware devices.

    It is also compatible with other x86-based platforms. Mikrotik’s routers and switches are highly versatile. They provide functionalities like routing, firewall, VPN, and bandwidth management. All of these features are available in one device. For IT students, network administrators, and anyone interested in network configuration and management, Mikrotik offers a wealth of features at a competitive price point, making it an accessible yet professional choice

    Why Mikrotik Matters

    Mikrotik offers a wide array of tools and customizable options. These features make it ideal for various network solutions. It supports anything from simple connectivity setups to complex infrastructures. Many professionals and students use Mikrotik as a learning tool.

    Its RouterOS software is flexible. It also requires a hands-on approach. With Mikrotik, you’re not just buying a router. You’re accessing a platform to develop a deep understanding of networking concepts. This platform allows learning in a practical, real-world context.

    What is Mikrotik


    In the ever-evolving world of networking, Mikrotik stands out as an affordable solution. It is also powerful. Mikrotik is accessible to both new learners and experienced professionals. With its robust feature set and active community, Mikrotik enables users to experiment, learn, and develop strong networking skills.

    You might want to manage a small office network. Alternatively, you could be interested in building a larger infrastructure. Mikrotik offers the tools you need to succeed. Join the growing number of people leveraging Mikrotik’s capabilities. Feel free to explore the possibilities by commenting with your own experiences and insights! Learn more

    What is Mikrotik

    Technical Overview & Strengths

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    • High-speed hardware:
      • 2× 100 Gbps QSFP28 ports, 12× 25 Gbps SFP28 ports, plus 1 Gbps Ethernet for management.
      • Inside: a 16‑core 2 GHz ARM AL73400 CPU. It includes a Marvell Prestera Aldrin2 switch-chip with L3 hardware offloading. This is achieved via 4× 25 Gbps CPU links.
    • Performance:
      • Lab results show up to 197 Gbps routing performance using L3 fast path (“L3HW”), and very high packet-per-second (kpps) metrics.
      • IPsec VPN throughput: from ~2 Gbps (single tunnel) to ~4 Gbps (256 tunnels).
      • Power consumption is efficient: around 80–121 W peak.

    Real-World User Insights

    Performance & Offloading

    • Multiple users emphasize that reaching line-rate performance demands proper setup. They advise, “If you’re getting one of these, you absolutely need to properly configure it. Make sure to take advantage of the ASIC offloading features.” The CPU does not reach anywhere close to 100 Gbps in any conceivable test.
    • On switching and routing: “The CCR2216 is essentially a CRS518. Both can layer‑3 route at line rate using L3HW offload. The CPU achieves about 40‑50 Gbps of throughput for layer 4 + VPN.”

    Throughput and Testing Limitations

    • In lab tests, one user saw only ~12–13 Gbps UDP or ~6 Gbps TCP over 100 Gbps links. This was due to CPU limitations on traffic generation. The sending CPU is operating at 99%. It’s too much to ask even a 16‑core ARM to generate 100 Gbps of traffic.
        • This highlights the difference between line-rate forwarding (ASIC-handled) versus CPU-bound tasks like synthetic load tests or complex processing.

      Noise & Fans

      • Generally quieter than comparable Cisco CCRs: “All the mikrotik CCRs are very quiet compared to vendors like Cisco.”
      • If used in a quiet space like a living room, cooling fans may be noticeable. “You will definitely not be happy with the default fans in a living room. They are awful loud even at low RPM :D.” Many users substitute Noctua fans to improve acoustic comfort.

      Protocol Quirks & Software Caveats

      • Some users have reported issues with IGMP proxy, IPTV/multicast scenarios. These issues require repeated resets. “IPTV runs when I restart the router. However, when I change the channel, it no longer works. The solution is to deactivate and then activate the configuration.”
      • Community feedback on RouterOS is mixed. “Software bugs will redistribute your eBGP table into your OSPF database causing … a huge headache.” There is still value appreciation.
        “For their price point you can’t expect big brand reliability.”
        Conversely, others find it powerful and performant if you know how to operate it.

      Summary Evaluation

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      AreaProsCaveats
      HardwareExceptional port density (100/25 Gbps), L3 offload, strong CPUASIC features must be properly enabled for expected performance
      Price~$2.3–2.8k – significantly cheaper than carrier-grade alternativesStill a major investment outside enterprise/data-center scenarios
      PerformanceVery high throughput, good IPsec speedsSynthetic throughput tests may hit CPU; test method matters
      NoiseDecent for data centersLoud in quiet environments; fan replacements may be needed
      Software & UXHighly feature-rich RouterOS, good for advanced usersRouterOS has quirks; not ideal for novice or zero-touch use cases
      Use Case FitIdeal for data centers, core routing, ISP or enterprise backbonesOverkill for homelabs or small deployments without high-speed links

      Final Thoughts

      If your application demands high-performance routing with 100/25 Gbps ports, this device is a great choice. You must be skilled in network optimization. The CCR2216‑1G‑12XS‑2XQ is an excellent value. It delivers carrier-grade capabilities at a significantly lower price bracket than legacy alternatives (e.g., CCR1072 or major vendor gear).

      However, it requires careful configuration to unlock hardware acceleration. It may be loud in quiet settings unless modified. It runs RouterOS, which has a steep learning curve and occasional quirks.

    • Comparing Cisco and Mikrotik in using

      Comparing Cisco and Mikrotik in using

      While looking at MikroTik and Cisco, both are famous systems administration arrangements. There are benefits and impediments to consider for each. Here is a breakdown:

      MikroTik Benefits:

      Cost-Adequacy: MikroTik gadgets are generally more affordable than Cisco. This makes them accessible for independent companies. They are also suitable for home clients.

      Adaptability: MikroTik offers many items suitable for different systems administration needs, from home switches to big business arrangements.

      Winbox Design Instrument: The Winbox GUI is easy to understand. It considers the simple administration of gadgets. This feature can be gainful for clients who favor a graphical connection point.

      Adaptability: MikroTik’s RouterOS is profoundly adjustable, permitting progressed clients to preconfigure and arrange devices to address specific issues. Solid Directing Abilities: MikroTik is known for its powerful steering capacities, including support for different protocols and progressed routing features. Learn more

      Burdens:

      More extreme Expectation to absorb information. The Winbox device is easy to understand. However, the profundity of setup choices can be overpowering for fledglings.

      Restricted Help: MikroTik has a more modest local area and fewer assets contrasted with Cisco. This difference can make investigating seriously testing. Less Endeavor Concentration: While competent, MikroTik might not have a similar degree of big business highlights. It may not offer the unwavering quality that bigger associations anticipate.

      Comparing Cisco and Mikrotik in using

      Cisco Benefits:

      Industry Standard: Cisco is broadly perceived in the business and many organizations favor it for its standing and unwavering quality. Vigorous Help and Documentation: Cisco offers broad documentation. It provides preparing assets and client assistance, making it simpler for clients to track down help.

      Complete Highlights: Cisco gadgets accompany an extensive variety of big business-level elements. These include progressed security choices, execution observing, and board instruments.

      Versatility: Cisco arrangements are intended to scale effectively, making them appropriate for enormous associations and complex organization conditions. Incorporation with Other Cisco Items: Cisco gadgets frequently work consistently with other Cisco equipment. Their programming upgrades in general organization execution. Learn more

      Drawbacks:

      Greater expense: Cisco items will quite often be more costly. This can be a boundary for independent ventures or individual clients.

      Complex Arrangement: While Cisco offers strong elements, the setup can be perplexing and may require particular information or preparation.

      Restrictive Advances: Cisco frequently utilizes exclusive advances, which can prompt sellers to secure and restrict adaptability.

      Comparing Cisco and Mikrotik in using

      Picking either MikroTik or Cisco generally relies upon your particular requirements, spending plan, and specialized ability. MikroTik offers a practical and adaptable answer for more modest organizations or clients with cutting-edge organizing abilities.

      Cisco provides strong, endeavor-level highlights and backing for larger associations with more complicated systems administration prerequisites. Please drop the comments if you have some ideas or suggestions.

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      Key Specifications & Hardware

      • Ports & Performance
        • 8 × 10 Gbps SFP+ ports
        • 1 × 1 GbE RJ45 management port
        • Switching capacity: ~162 Gbps (non-blocking) with ~81 Gbps throughput.
      • CPU & Memory
        • Dual-core 800 MHz ARM 98DX8208 processor
        • 512 MB RAM, 16 MB flash storage.
      • Power & Cooling
        • Fanless metal chassis with passive cooling—silent and reliable.
        • Power consumption ranges from 17 W (idle) to 23 W (full load).
        • Supports DC jack (12–57 V) or PoE-IN (802.3af/at).
      • Operating Systems
        • Dual-boot options: RouterOS (advanced routing, firewall, OSPF/BGP, QoS) and SwOS (lightweight L2 switching).
      • Physical Specs & Management
        • Compact dimensions: roughly 272×191×44 mm; rack-mountable with included ears and mounting kit.
        • Includes RS-232 serial console, management port, temperature monitoring, and audible beep.

      Strengths & Highlights

      • Low-noise, low-power design
        The fanless setup ensures silent operation and reduced power usage—ideal for home labs or quiet environments.
      • Impressive price-to-performance ratio
        It has eight 10 Gb ports and solid throughput. The price is moderate. It offers excellent value compared to more expensive alternatives like Ubiquiti or Aruba.
      • Flexible management OS
        You can tailor behavior based on your deployment needs. Choose between SwOS for simple switch management. Opt for RouterOS if you require advanced routing features.
      • Good for L2 switching
        Excellent performance at layer 2, including VLANs, LACP, QoS, MAC filtering, and port mirroring.

      Limitations & User Concerns

      • Routing limitations
        While RouterOS supports routing features, the CPU can become a bottleneck. Users report around 300–500 Mbps under typical firewall/NAT workloads without hardware offload.
      • Overheating with copper modules
        Copper SFP+ (10G RJ45) modules generate high heat. If crowded, the device may overheat or shut down. Thermal mods or spacing are often advised.
      • Setup complexity & VLAN UX
        Some users find the interface or routing setup non-intuitive, though powerful. VLAN setup especially can require a steeper learning curve.
      • Long-term reliability
        A few consumer reports note hardware failures (e.g., ports becoming non-responsive) after extended use.

      Real-World User Insights

      “It works great as a switch … silent, never needed to reboot… just boot to SwOS.”

      “Overheating issues if more than three copper SFP+ modules are used—works fine in a cool rack.”

      “In RouterOS with hardware offload, got up to 9.4 Gbps in NAT tests—a solid result.”

      Final Verdict

      Great choice as a silent, efficient L2 10 Gb switch with excellent value and flexibility via dual OS. Best for setups that emphasize switching performance and passive cooling.

      Not ideal as a primary router unless you’re leveraging RouterOS 7.x hardware offload optimally. For heavy routing/NAT/firewall, pairing with a dedicated router (e.g., RB series) is wise. Caution with copper SFP+ modules: Use fewer or space them out, or opt for fiber/DAC to avoid overheating.

    • How to Configure MikroTik Router for Internet Access

      How to Configure MikroTik Router for Internet Access

      To understand how to configure a MikroTik router for internet access, you must recognize that MikroTik routers are powerful tools. They help in setting up and managing network connections, including Internet access. If you’re new to MikroTik, configuring it to connect to the Internet can seem challenging. However, by following a few key steps, you can easily set up Internet access for your network.

      Step: Configure Internet Access on MikroTik Router

      In this guide, we’ll walk through the basic configuration steps. These steps include setting up WAN and LAN interfaces, configuring NAT, and adding a DNS server. By the end, your MikroTik router will be ready to connect your devices to the Internet.


      1. Access the Router

      • Open WinBox or the MikroTik WebFig interface.
      • Connect to your router using the default IP (usually 192.168.88.1) and login with the default credentials (username: admin, no password).

      2. Configure the WAN Interface

      • Go to IP > DHCP Client.
      • Click Add (+), then select the interface connected to your ISP (usually ether1).
      • Enable the options Use Peer DNS and Use Peer NTP.
      • Click Apply and OK. The router should now receive an IP from your ISP.

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      3. Configure the LAN Interface

      • Go to IP > Addresses.
      • Click Add (+) and set the LAN IP (e.g., 192.168.88.1/24) on the interface for your local network (usually ether2).
      • Click Apply and OK.

      4. Set Up a DHCP Server for LAN

      • Go to IP > DHCP Server and open the DHCP Setup wizard.
      • Select the LAN interface (e.g., ether2) and follow the wizard steps, ensuring it provides IP addresses within your LAN IP range. Following this will be key in how to configure MikroTik router for Internet access.

      5. Set Up NAT (Network Address Translation)

      • Go to IP > Firewall > NAT.
      • Click Add (+) to create a new rule.
      • Under the General tab, set Chain to srcnat, and in the Out. Interface, select the WAN interface (e.g., ether1).
      • Go to the Action tab and select masquerade.
      • Click Apply and OK. This step allows your internal network to access the Internet. It does this by translating local IPs to the public IP. This process is a key step in configuring your MikroTik router.

      6. Configure DNS Settings

      • Go to IP > DNS.
      • Check Allow Remote Requests to enable DNS resolution.
      • Set Servers to a reliable DNS, such as 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 (Google DNS), or use your ISP’s DNS servers.
      • Click Apply and OK.

      7. Test the Internet Connection

      • Go to New Terminal and type ping google.com to test Internet connectivity.
      • If the ping is successful, your router is now connected to the Internet and can provide access to connected devices.
      How to Configure MikroTik Router for Internet Access

      By following these steps, you’ve successfully configured your MikroTik router to access the Internet. This setup provides a basic Internet connection for your network. It serves as a foundation for more advanced configurations, such as enhanced security and traffic management. Feel free to experiment with different features in RouterOS to get the most out of your MikroTik router!

      We’d love to hear your thoughts, tips, or questions about configuring MikroTik routers! Feel free to share your ideas in the comments below. Your input can be helpful to others on the same journey. If you want to know more about MikroTik configuration for Internet access, visit here. You will learn what we should focus on.

      MikroTik Router and Cisco

      1. The Foundation: Same Networking Concepts

      This is the most important point. Both Cisco IOS and MikroTik RouterOS are built on the same universal networking principles.

      • OSI Model: They both operate on layers 2 (switching) and 3 (routing).
      • Protocols: They implement standard protocols like OSPF, BGP, VLANs (802.1Q), STP, DHCP, DNS, etc. The concept of how a routing table is built is identical. The concept of how a packet is forwarded is also the same. Similarly, the concept of how a firewall filter works is unchanged. You only need to learn the different commands to implement them.

      2. Similar Command-Line Interface (CLI) Logic

      If you are comfortable with the Cisco CLI, the MikroTik CLI will feel familiar, not foreign.

      • Hierarchical Mode Structure: Like Cisco’s config terminal, MikroTik has a similar hierarchy. You navigate to a specific context (like /interface ethernet or /ip firewall) to configure related settings.
      • Tab Completion and “?”: MikroTik uses the Tab key for auto-completion and the ? key for context-sensitive help, just like Cisco. This is a huge help for learning commands.
      • Show Commands: The equivalent of Cisco’s show commands in MikroTik is print or monitor. For example:
        • show ip route (Cisco) becomes /ip route print (MikroTik).
        • show interfaces becomes /interface print.
      • Configuration Principles: The idea of making a change is similar. Saving the configuration (copy run start in Cisco vs /system backup save in MikroTik) follows this principle.

      3. Powerful GUI Management Tool: Winbox

      This is where MikroTik can actually be easier than Cisco for certain tasks.

      • Winbox is a lightweight, standalone application that connects directly to the router’s MAC or IP address. It provides a very intuitive and responsive graphical interface for almost every feature.
      • Real-time Monitoring: It excels at showing real-time traffic, graphs, and logs. This method is often more visual and immediate than Cisco’s CLI.
      • “Best of Both Worlds”: A network engineer can use the Cisco-like CLI for efficiency. They can also use the powerful GUI for visualization and quick changes. For someone new, the GUI can make complex concepts like firewall chains or queue trees much easier to understand.

      Key Differences to Be Aware

      While the concepts transfer, the commands are different. Here are the main differences a Cisco engineer will notice:

      FeatureCiscoMikroTik
      Entering Config Modeconfigure terminalNo direct equivalent. You go directly to the menu.
      e.g., /ip address add address=192.168.1.1/24 interface=ether1
      Viewing Infoshow ip route/ip route print
      InterfacesGigabitEthernet0/0ether1, sfp1, wlan1
      Saving Configcopy running-config startup-config/system backup save
      FirewallACLs (Access-Lists)Filter Rules (with more built-in chains: input, forward, output)
      “Do” Commanddo show ip route (from config mode)You can always use print from any submenu.

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      Summary: Why it’s “Easy” for a Cisco User

      1. You Already Know the Hard Part: You understand IP routing, subnetting, VLANs, and protocols. Learning a new syntax is much easier than learning the concepts from scratch.
      2. The CLI Feels Familiar: The hierarchical structure and use of ? and Tab make it easy to explore and find commands.
      3. Winbox is a Great Aid: The GUI provides a fantastic safety net. It is a visual tool that Cisco’s CLI-only approach lacks for most devices.
      4. The Logic is Transferable: The thought process of “I need to create a VLAN” is clear. You need to assign an IP and add a firewall rule. This process is identical. You just need to translate the steps into MikroTik’s language.

      In conclusion: MikroTik isn’t “Cisco-made-easy.” It’s a different, powerful system. Both systems are built on the same foundational knowledge of networking. Therefore, a Cisco engineer can learn MikroTik’s syntax and unique tools very quickly. The underlying logic you’ve already mastered from Cisco does most of the heavy lifting.

    • Advantages and Disadvantages of using Mikrotik

      Advantages and Disadvantages of using Mikrotik

      MikroTik routers have gained popularity in the networking world for their affordability, feature-rich firmware, and flexibility. These routers are designed for network enthusiasts. They are also suitable for small to medium-sized businesses.

      Users can configure complex network setups with these routers. Such configurations typically require more expensive hardware. However, like any technology, MikroTik routers come with their own set of advantages and challenges. Understand the strengths and limitations of MikroTik devices.

      Advantages of Using MikroTik Routers

      This helps you make informed decisions about their suitability for your networking needs. Whether you’re expanding a home network, you need to know the pros and cons of MikroTik routers. If you’re managing a business setup, this knowledge is also essential. Understanding these aspects is essential. This knowledge is crucial for maximizing their potential.

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      1. Cost-Effective Solution
        MikroTik routers are known for their affordability. They are cost-effective when compared to other brands with similar features. This makes them a popular choice for small to medium-sized businesses and home networks.
      2. Advanced Features
        MikroTik’s RouterOS includes features typically found in higher-end routers. These include firewall settings, VPN support, Quality of Service (QoS), dynamic routing protocols, and bandwidth control. This allows users to configure highly customized network setups.
      3. Extensive Configuration Flexibility
        MikroTik devices offer an exceptional degree of control. Administrators can fine-tune almost every aspect of network management. This is ideal for users who want to configure tailored solutions for specific needs.
      4. Reliable Performance
        With efficient hardware design and a robust RouterOS, MikroTik routers deliver consistent performance. They perform well even under significant loads. This makes them suitable for handling complex network environments.
      5. Easy Remote Management
        MikroTik offers user-friendly tools like WinBox and WebFig. These tools make it easy for administrators to remotely access, configure, and monitor routers from anywhere with an internet connection.
      6. Scalability and Versatility
        MikroTik routers support a wide range of environments, from small home networks to enterprise settings. This scalability makes them versatile for growing businesses or expanding network requirements.
      7. Active User Community
        MikroTik has a large community of users and an abundance of online resources. These resources include tutorials, forums, and documentation. This makes it easier to find solutions to issues and get support.
      Advantages and Disadvantages of using Mikrotik

      Disadvantages of Using MikroTik Routers

      1. Steep Learning Curve
        The flexibility and depth of MikroTik’s RouterOS can be challenging for beginners. It requires some network knowledge, and new users may find the initial setup and configuration process complex.
      2. Limited Customer Support
        While MikroTik has a dedicated community, its official customer support can sometimes be slow to respond. It may not meet the level of support offered by other brands.
      3. Inconsistent Interface Design
        Tools like WinBox and WebFig are helpful. However, the interface can be unintuitive and overwhelming. This is especially true for those who are new to networking. Additionally, the interface may feel outdated compared to more user-friendly platforms.
      4. Complex Advanced Features
        While MikroTik routers are rich in features, they offer advanced functionalities like VLANs, VPN, and QoS. These functionalities require deeper technical knowledge. Users require a solid understanding to use these features effectively. Users need to invest time to understand these features fully. This may be time-consuming for users who aren’t as experienced.
      5. Reliability in Enterprise Environments
        While suitable for many small and medium-sized businesses, some users find MikroTik devices less reliable. This is especially true compared to enterprise-grade hardware from brands like Cisco or Juniper. The difference is more pronounced in large-scale or mission-critical environments.
      6. Firmware Stability Issues
        Some users report occasional stability issues with new RouterOS firmware updates. It is necessary to delay updates until potential bugs have been resolved.
      Advantages and Disadvantages of using Mikrotik

      MikroTik routers are a powerful option. They are budget-friendly. They suit those who need extensive control over their network without the high costs of enterprise-grade equipment. However, these routers require a level of technical skill to configure and maintain, especially to unlock their full potential.

      They might not be the first choice for highly critical enterprise environments. However, they are an excellent solution for small businesses and network enthusiasts. They also work well for anyone willing to invest time in learning RouterOS. Balancing these advantages and disadvantages will help you determine if MikroTik routers are the right fit for your networking needs.

      Feel free to share your thoughts or experiences with MikroTik routers in the comments! Readers and students are encouraged to drop their ideas or any tips they’ve found helpful in using MikroTik devices. Your insights can be valuable for others exploring this powerful networking tool.

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    • What we should learn from Mikrotik Routers

      What we should learn from Mikrotik Routers

      MikroTik routers are highly versatile. They are also affordable. This makes them a popular choice among network administrators, small businesses, and tech enthusiasts alike. Known for their advanced functionality and reliability, MikroTik devices provide powerful tools for managing complex networks. Using MikroTik routers effectively is what we should learn to achieve better network management.

      If you want to improve your skills in network setup, understand the key features of MikroTik routers. The same goes for security and performance optimization. This understanding is important. Knowing the configuration options can significantly enhance your networking abilities. Learning what we can from MikroTik routers can lead to significant improvements in these areas.

      Main Points to Learn from MikroTik Routers

      1. RouterOS Fundamentals
        The MikroTik RouterOS is the backbone of every MikroTik router, offering features like DHCP, routing, and firewall management. Learning the basics of RouterOS is essential to leverage the full potential of your MikroTik router.
      2. Network Security Configuration
        MikroTik routers offer robust firewall settings. They also provide VPN configurations and advanced security features. These protect networks from unauthorized access and cyber threats. Understanding these security configurations is crucial for safeguarding your network. This is another reason why we should learn from MikroTik routers.
      3. Advanced Routing Capabilities
        MikroTik routers use dynamic routing protocols like OSPF. They also use BGP and RIP. These routers are designed for efficient and scalable network routing. Learning how to configure these protocols can enhance your network’s reliability. It also improves your network’s adaptability. This showcases what we should learn by using MikroTik routers.
      4. Traffic Management & Bandwidth Control
        QoS (Quality of Service) settings in MikroTik allow administrators to prioritize network traffic. Bandwidth management likewise helps prioritize data effectively. These settings help manage data flow effectively. This is especially useful in reducing congestion and ensuring critical applications receive priority. Studying these aspects teaches us important lessons from MikroTik routers.
      5. Wireless and Hotspot Setup
        MikroTik routers support comprehensive wireless setups. They also enable public hotspot configurations. These features are ideal for businesses or public spaces. Learning these setups is beneficial for managing connectivity in various environments. This idea is an essential part of what we should learn from MikroTik routers.
      6. Remote Access & Monitoring
        Tools like WinBox and WebFig provide remote access to MikroTik routers. These tools allow administrators to monitor network configurations. They also enable adjustments. Mastering these tools helps ensure efficient network management from any location, again showing what we can learn from MikroTik routers.

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      What we should learn from Mikrotik Routers

      MikroTik routers offer a wealth of features that make them invaluable for anyone interested in networking. These devices cover everything from essential RouterOS basics to advanced routing. They enhance security options to empower users to build and maintain reliable, secure, and efficient networks.

      By mastering these core functions, you’ll enhance your technical skill set. You will also gain the expertise to tackle real-world networking challenges. Dive into MikroTik’s capabilities, and unlock the full potential of your networking environment. This is why learning from MikroTik routers is so beneficial.

      1. Cost-Effectiveness: Unbeatable Value for Money

      This is the single biggest reason for its popularity, especially in certain markets.

      • Affordable Hardware: MikroTik routers, switches, and wireless systems are significantly cheaper. In many cases, they cost less than comparable enterprise-grade equipment from competitors like Cisco, Juniper, or even Ubiquiti.
      • No Licensing Fees: This is a huge advantage. The powerful RouterOS software comes with a one-time purchase price for the hardware. There are no annual licensing fees for features, updates, or support subscriptions (unlike Cisco, which requires annual licenses for DNA Center, security features, etc.). This makes Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) very predictable and low.

      Why you learn it: You learn to build and manage robust, enterprise-level networks without an enterprise-level budget. This skill is incredibly valuable for startups, small-to-medium businesses (SMBs), ISPs, and budget-conscious organizations worldwide.

      2. Powerful and Versatile Software: RouterOS

      MikroTik’s operating system, RouterOS, is a Swiss Army knife for networking.

      • All-in-One Solution: A single MikroTik device can serve multiple functions. It can act as a router, a firewall, and a switch. It can also be a wireless Access Point, a VPN concentrator, and a bandwidth manager. Additionally, it functions as a DHCP server and a proxy server, among other roles.
      • Deep Feature Set: It includes advanced features like MPLS, BGP, OSPF, VLANs, traffic shaping (queuing), hotspot authentication, and scripting.

      Why you learn it: You gain a deep understanding of how different network layers interact on a single platform. You also understand how services interact. This makes you a more versatile network engineer.

      3. Industry Standard CLI (Winbox & Terminal)

      MikroTik uses a command-line interface (CLI) that is very similar to Cisco’s IOS.

      • Transferable Skills: The concepts and many commands (e.g., for configuring interfaces, routing protocols, firewalls) are directly transferable. If you learn MikroTik’s CLI, learning Cisco’s becomes much easier, and vice versa.
      • Powerful GUI (Winbox): MikroTik’s proprietary GUI management tool, Winbox, is lightweight and powerful. It allows you to manage a device even if its IP stack is broken. It’s a fantastic tool for both beginners and experts.

      Why you learn it: You build a strong foundation in industry-standard networking concepts. You also gain CLI management skills. This makes you adaptable across different vendors.

      4. High Demand in Certain Markets and Sectors

      MikroTik has a massive footprint in several key areas:

      • Wireless ISPs (WISPs): It is the de facto standard for thousands of WISPs around the world. This is because of its powerful wireless capabilities. It also offers excellent routing features and low cost.
      • Developing Regions and SMBs: Its affordability makes it the go-to choice for businesses and networks in cost-sensitive markets.
      • Network Infrastructure: It’s widely used for backhaul links, point-to-point wireless connections, and core routing in smaller networks.

      Why you learn it: It makes you highly employable in these specific and growing sectors. Many job postings for network technicians and WISP engineers specifically list MikroTik as a required skill.

      5. Excellent for Learning and Labs

      • CHR (Cloud Hosted Router): You can run the full RouterOS as a virtual machine (on VMware, Hyper-V, etc.) for free with a limited license. This is perfect for building a complex virtual lab on your own computer without buying any hardware.
      • Low-Cost Physical Labs: You can buy a low-end device like a hEX for a very small amount of money. Alternatively, you can purchase a hAP. Both options allow you to practice on real hardware.

      Why you learn it: It provides the most accessible and affordable path to hands-on experience with enterprise networking features.

      6. Certification Path: MTCNA

      The MikroTik Certified Network Associate (MTCNA) certification is a well-respected credential. It offers hands-on experience. This proves your practical ability to configure and manage MikroTik devices.

      • It’s less expensive than many other vendor certifications.
      • It’s highly practical and focused on real-world skills.

      Why you learn it: You learn it to validate your skills with a recognized certification. This certification can enhance your resume. It also proves your competency to employers.

      Who Should Learn MikroTik?

      • Aspiring Network Engineers: A perfect, low-cost starting point to learn core networking concepts.
      • System Administrators: Who need to manage their organization’s network without a huge budget.
      • IT Professionals in SMBs and WISPs: Essential for anyone working in these environments.
      • CCNA Students: A fantastic, affordable way to supplement Cisco studies with hands-on practice for routing, switching, and firewall concepts.
      • Tech Enthusiasts: Anyone who wants to build a powerful home network, set up a VPN, or manage bandwidth.

      Potential Considerations (The “Cons”)

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      • Steep Learning Curve: The immense number of features can be overwhelming for beginners. The CLI and Winbox have a distinct feel.
      • Security Defaults: Older versions had insecure default settings. It’s crucial to learn proper security hardening, which is now a major focus of their training.
      • Less “Hand-Holding”: It doesn’t have the same level of polished, simplified GUI as some consumer-grade systems (like Ubiquiti’s UniFi). You are expected to know what you’re doing.

      Conclusion

      You learn MikroTik because it provides deep, practical, and affordable networking knowledge. It’s a powerful tool that teaches you how to design, build, and secure networks from the ground up. The skills you learn are highly transferable. They are in demand, making it one of the most cost-effective investments you can make in your networking career.